Important key points in steel structure stability design

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As an important construction method in architectural design, steel structure is currently widely used in the design of large industrial plants, highway bridges, and high-rise residential buildings. The construction steel used in the steel structure has many advantages such as anti-deformation, anti-corrosion, earthquake resistance and compliance with environmental protection regulations, so it can be widely used in the engineering and construction design industry. When a steel structure is used in a building, its structural stability is a very important indicator, which directly determines the quality and service life of the building.

1. Conceptual analysis of steel structure

To put it simply, the steel structure uses stainless steel as the main material for structural construction. It uses different steel parts such as steel columns, steel plates, and steel beams to be assembled and assembled using welding, riveting and other connection methods to carry out large and medium-sized projects. Types of architectural construction in which buildings are constructed. Steel structures use various stainless steel plates as the main raw materials. Unlike cement concrete and other building decoration materials, stainless steel plates have the characteristics of lighter weight, strong ductility, etc., and can withstand higher forces. Therefore, they are widely used in the design of large, medium and small buildings. Steel structure design is often chosen. The steel structure is stable and not prone to deformation, which can provide good safety and stability for the building. However, under some special circumstances, the steel structure may be unbalanced. There are generally two situations: one is that excessive pressure acts directly on the stress balance point, resulting in the overall stress of the structure being unbalanced. Evenly causing imbalance. The other is that due to long-term use of steel structure prefabricated components, problems such as brittle fractures occur in the internal structure, and the internal structure loses its support function, resulting in overall structural imbalance. Before carrying out the design of steel structures, it is necessary to establish the stability characteristics of this type of structure, so that the design process can be problem-oriented, avoid structural defects, give full play to the advantages of steel structures, and promote the steel structures in buildings to give full play to their greater potential. Strong efficacy.

2. Standards for improving design stability of steel structures

2.1 Stability criteria

The stability requirements of steel structure design require that during the process of drawing steel structure plans, steel structure plans should be drawn according to the relative requirements of different buildings, focusing on ensuring the position of the support points on the steel structure plans. , to ensure the stability of the support point position on the plan view. The stability of the steel structure in plan is the key and basis for the overall stability of the entire steel structure. Only by ensuring that the prefabricated components of the steel structure are maintained on the plan can we avoid certain occurrences during the subsequent three-dimensional construction process. Some parts of the body are out of balance.

2.2 Uniformity standards

Precise calculation is the prerequisite and basis for steel structure design. When designing a steel structure, the calculation method and estimated variable values should be clearly defined based on the balanced relationship between the actual structure and the structure. This process is the basis for the stress calculation of the entire steel structure design. important link. However, based on reality, many designers will rely too much on their own experience and directly carry out stable calculations of steel structures based on their own experience while ignoring the balanced calculation process. This kind of operation lacks scientific and comprehensive calculation data and is very easy. This leads to stationary correlation calculation errors, which leads to the steel structure design failing to meet the building structural strength requirements, thus leading to safety risks. Therefore, equilibrium calculation and stable calculation must be carried out at the same time. They are indispensable and should be unified.

2.3 Interoperability standards

The entire steel structure is composed of several single steel structure parts that are connected through welding, riveting, screw fixation, etc., to ultimately form a large building structure. Therefore, in the steel structure design process, the coordination problem of each structural component must be fully considered. Both large parts and small components must cooperate with each other to finally form a solid steel structure as a whole. In the design of steel structures, we cannot only consider the stability of a single steel structure component. We must comprehensively consider the conditions of all components and conduct detailed combined calculations. Only by perfect cooperation of each component can the entire structure be highly stable, maximize the function of each component, and ensure the overall strength of the structure.

3. Important key points in the stability design of steel structures

3.1 Force design

An important indicator of a steel structure is its stress level. When designing, the load-bearing capacity of the steel structure is the first issue to be considered. Steel structures generally adopt a T-shaped or L-shaped design. This is based on the stability of the structure. The use of these two shapes can better disperse the overall weight of the building and achieve the purpose of balancing the support points. In the construction practice, steel structure is a common structure outside the building, which plays the role of stress support for the building. In the overall design of a building, the application of steel structures should comply with symmetry standards as much as possible. The purpose is to allow each steel structure to evenly bear the interaction force of the entire building and to avoid the bearing capacity of some steel structures being too large or too small. In addition, the stress and stability requirements for different locations of the steel structure are also different. For example, the requirement for unmovable rubber bearings in steel structures is to avoid deflection, so the support capacity requirements for these are relatively high. However, for steel column frames, in addition to having vertical support functions, they must also be considered. Horizontal parts to avoid distortion. The stress characteristics of different positions of the steel structure must be reflected in the design to avoid imbalance due to insufficient consideration. Finally, the actual construction operation of the steel structure is also very important. The on-site construction team must strictly follow the design drawings to avoid deviations in the construction as much as possible, improve cooperation between units, carry out construction strictly in accordance with the specifications, and improve Key point management method.

3.2 Anti-corrosion design

Buildings will experience corrosion under different natural conditions when used in different environments. In special operating environments such as humidity and corrosion, metal materials are easily corroded due to their original characteristics, affecting their stability. sex. Generally, metal composites are susceptible to two negative effects: electrochemical reactions and chemical corrosion. Modern science has developed anti-corrosion coatings for different environmental conditions for the application environment of metal materials. In a relatively humid environment, applying corrosion-resistant paint on the surface of the steel structure can block water and gas, two factors that cause electrochemical corrosion, and prevent the steel structure from being corroded. For steel structures used in high seawater salinity environments, it is easy to cause electrochemical reactions with potassium ions in the sea surface. According to the principle of electrochemical corrosion, the metal composite becomes the reactant. This method can It can effectively solve the corrosion problem of steel structures, thereby ensuring the strength of the steel structure itself and achieving structural stability.

3.3 Stability related design

During the process of steel structure design and construction, in addition to stability calculations, it is also necessary to strengthen the inspection of the entire steel structure. Strict inspection is an important step to ensure that the steel structure materials meet the standards and meet the design requirements. The critical pressure calculation method is a common method for predicting the bearing capacity of steel structures during actual use, and is often used for steel structure inspection. When the measured stress of the steel structure exceeds the critical point, it proves that its stability has been damaged, and the stress design of the steel structure must be adjusted immediately to prevent imbalance. Pay great attention to the stress analysis of each part inside the steel structure, improve the stress details of the parts, and avoid the problem of uneven stress, which affects the overall structural safety.

In general, the stability of the steel structure has a critical impact on the overall safety and service life of the building. Designers must make precise calculations during the steel structure design process and comprehensively consider the differences between components. The stress relationship, the anti-corrosion solution of stainless steel plates, the weak points of the steel structure can be avoided to the greatest extent, the advantages of the steel structure can be fully utilized, thereby promoting the continuous development of architectural design.